Stove and lamp.



, Y H. A. VON POST.

STOVE AND LAMP. APPLICATION TILED IA! 15, 1909' 2 QHBETS-SHBET 1'.

Patented A r.,2 ,1912.

HLA. VON Pos'tr STOVE A ND LAMP. APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1909.

Patented A rkz, 1912.

2 sums-sum 2.

- Fig.4

W/ T/VES-FfS dQW MQM COLUMBIA PLANOORAFH 60.,WMHXNGTON, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HANS ADOLF VON POST, 0F STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNOR TO .AKTIEBOLAGETPYRO, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, LIMITED COMPANY.

STOVE AND LAMP.

' ing purposes or for illumination.

The present contrivance is designed especially for stoves or lamps fedwith petro-leum or other less volatile combustible oils,-but may also beapplied or used for its smaller volume but also in consequence of morevolatile combustible fluids.

So as to force the combustible fluid into the burner which mustpreviously be heated 1 by a special lighting fluid 'e. g. methylated.spirit, many methods have been tried,f o;r; instance, carbonic acid hasbeen introduced into the tank, or air has been forced into it' with apump, or the air inclosedin the tank above the combustible fluid hasbeen.

heated, which air then expands, and with the vapors that possiblyvolatilize from the fluid combustible, cause an over-pressure in thetank by which the fluid combustible is forced into the burner. Allstoves and illuminating apparatus hitherto exploited are howevercumbered by several drawbacks. The worst of these drawbacks appears tobe that due time must be allowed for the burner to be heatedsufficiently by the lighting fluid before the combustible can be forcedinto the burner, as if this is done too early there is a mostdisagreeable smell from the apparatus in question. i

These drawbacks are obviated by this invention according to which -thenecessary pressure in the tank is produced with the assistance of heat,the pressure not being permitted to force the fluid combustible from;the said tank into the burner until the latter i is sufliciently heatedfor the evaporation of Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 15, 1909.

Serial No. 496,281.

from the fluid combustible streaming from v the et. By the effect of thepressure on the fluid combustible being thus regulated, the apparatuslights automatically subsequent to the lighting fluid being lighted, andno time need be lost'for the servant in awaiting that momentwhen-previous to the lighting fluid being totally consumedthe burner hasbecome sufliciently heated for the apparatus to work.

So as to produce effective and quick pressure in the tank, in accordancewith this invention there it a special smaller receptacle or cupconnected or inclosed within the tank but duly isolated or separatedfrom the combustible fluid therein. In this small. receptacle orcupwhich not only owing to its being so contrived in relation to theother parts of the apparatus that it is more speedily and eflectivelyheated from the lighting fluid or from, the burner or the two together,either directly or by conduction and radiationsome substance, in'thefollowing called pressure producing substance,

is introduced which by influence of the heat generated through thecombustion of the lighting fluid, gives off gases or vapors thatexercise the pressure necessary for forcing the fluid combustible intothe burner. Suitable fluids for this purpose are e. g. petroleum, easilyvolatile hydrocarbons as gasolene, benzin and the like, spirit andothers. The invention is shown in the accompany ing drawings, in whichFigure 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of my invention. Fig.2 is a like view of a modification. Fig. 3 is a like view of stillanother modification. Fig. 4 is a like view of yet another modification.Fig. 5 is a like view of another modification. Fig. 6 is a like view ofstill another modification.

In all these figures corresponding parts are designated by thesameletters.

a represents the tank for the combustible fluid,- b the burner, 0 thelighting cup, d the filling aperture for the fluid combustible, e thepipe, through which the combustible fluid is pressed up to the burner, fthe bottom of the tank, 9 the receptacle for. receiving the pressureproducing substance and k areservoir for the same. i

Patented Ap1z2, 1912. y

From the form represented in v1 it will be seen that the lighting cup 0by means of the valve communicates with the annular reservoir or chamberh, which chamber, also by means of the same valve 2' may be put incommunication with a pipe or duct 76, the lower mouth of which reachesalmost to the bottom of the receptacle g which preferably is providedwith double walls. The valve 2' is manipulated by a two-armed handlever17., or other suitable contrivance. In the pipe 6 there is a valve Zthat is kept pressed against its seat m either by its own weight or byaspring, or by the two.

The apparatus is manipulated and operates in the following way. Vhen theapparatus is to be lighted, the handle a is placed in that positionindicated by the full drawn lines in Fig. 1, after which the lightingfluid, e. g. spirit, is poured into the cup. 0 until it is filled. Thespirit now flows into the chamber or reservoir h. hen a suflicientquantity of, the lighting fluid has been supplied the communicationbetween the lighting cup 0 and the chamber h is cut ofl by letting downthe handle n to its lowest position (see the dotted lines) and thespirit in cup 0 is lighted. Hereby a small portion of the spirit flowsfrom the chamber it through valve i and duct 7c down to the receptacleg. The lower mouth of the duct 72 is, however, soon closed by thelighting fluid, which collecting at the bottom of the receptacle 9together with the pressure in the closed tank a hinders a furtherin-flow. The fluid burning in the cup 0 now heats as well the entireburner b as also the lighting fluid that is in the reservoir h and whichin this case also is used as pressure producing substance. The vaporsthereby generated in the reservoir 72,, owing to their pressure, fillthe duct 70, bubble through the fluid in the receptacle 9, and fill upthe space above the level of the fluid combustible in the tank a. Thiscauses the combustible fluid, while opening the valve Z, to be forced upthrough the pipe 6 to the burner Z), which is by this time suflicientlyheated for the evaporation of the combustible fluid rising therein. Thegases or vapors of said fluid then stream outthrough the burner Z) andare lighted by the fluid, still burning, which remains of the quantitypoured into the cup 0.

The stream of vapor having once caught fire, the heat produced by thecombustion in the burner of the vaporize-d combustible fluid issuflicient to conduct the heat not only through the pipe 6 but alsothrough the other adjacent metal portions to the igniting fluid thatstill remains in the reservoir it and in the receptacle 9 whichlastmentioned quantity is heated lat-er, since it is farther from thesource of heat than that contained in the reservoir h.

Should any desire be felt to increase the flame the handle a should beturned quickly to the upper position (indicated by full drawn lines inFig. 1) and pressure producing fluid filled into the cup 0, when thefluid flows down into the reservoir 7L that is then shut off from thetank a, the handle a being thereupon quickly returned back to the lowerdotted position, whereby the communication between the cup 0 and thereservoir h is interrupted and at the same time communication betweenthe reservoir h and the receptacle g, or the space above the level ofthe combustible fluid in the tank a is opened. If, on the other hand, itbe desirable to diminish the flame, it is simply necessary to place thehandle a in the intermediate position indicated by the dotted lines andthen return it to its previous position, when a portion of the vaporsproduced by pressure stream forth, which causes a decrease in thepressure in the tank a and a consequent diminution of the flame. Inorder to extinguish the jet it is simply necessary to open the valve 1',27. 6. place and retain the handle a in the intermediate position justmentioned, when the over pressure of the apparatus is equalized and thecombustible fluid ceases to flow to the burner. Instead of the ignitingfluid, which is usually methylated spirit, any other substance, thatgives off gases when heated, may be used as pressure producingsubstance.

The receptacle 9, as previously stated, is preferably provided withdouble walls (see Fig. 1) between which there is an empty space, thatserves as isolation between the pressure producing substance containedin the receptacle 9 and the combustive fluid, for the purpose ofpreventing unnecessary heating of the combustive fuel and the cooling ofthe pressure producing substance.

If an oil be used of comparatively low flash-point as Russian petroleum,gasolene, mixtures of these, or any combination of very volatile andless volatile combustive oils, it is only necessary to introduce in thereceptacle 9 a small quantity of the oil that at the time is to be usedas the combustive fuel, whichis best and most easily accomplished bysplashing in a portion thereof from the tank a over the edge of and intothe receptacle g. This quantity is then heated quickly to such a degreethat it gives off pressure producing vapors, without there being need ofheating the entire quantity in the tank a. Should the apparatus solelybe used for combustive oils of kinds mentioned, the receptacle 9, thevalve 2' and the duct is may be eliminated and replaced by an ordinaryexhaust valve (not shown) placed for instance in the lid of the fillingaperture (Z, or on the upper side of the tank a (see Fig. 6).

Communication between the burner 7) and the tank a is cut ofl by valve Zuntil such time as the burner is sufliciently heated for the evaporationof the combustive fuel, but the loading valve must-be so loaded oradjust-- ed that the valve opens for the pressure generated before thefluid in the cup 0 is totally consumed. The load or charging of thevalve may be changed or regulated in many ways, 6. g. by choosing theweight of the valve itself so that the valve opens for a less or greaterpressure or by using a stronger or weaker spring, acting on said valveor by increasing or decreasing the tension of the spring acting on thevalve. By arranging the lighting cup 0 in such a manner in relation tothe receptacles containing the pres sure producing substance, that theyare only heated secondarily, i. e. not directly from the lighting fluid,but by the conduction of heat from the burner, subsequent to its beingheated by the lighting fluid, the valve Z,

or cutting-off contrivance between the burner and the tank a may be leftout, wide for instance Fig. 5.

In the form of the invention shown in Fig. 2, the reservoir 71., and thereceptacle g, the valve Z and the device for shutting off communicationbetween h and 9, have been somewhat modified. Thus the reservoir h is inclosable connection with the lighting cup 0 by an aperture which may beclosed by a screw or a valve device p, and in connection with the tank aby a cock q.

Under the mouth of this cook the receptacle 9, is arranged whichaccording to this form of the invention has been placed higher up on thepipe 6. and is formed with low edges. In this case the vessel 9 chieflyserves as a heating and evaporation surface for the fluid which drops onit from the cock q. The valve Z is connected with an elastic membrane rplaced in the bottom of the tank a, this membrane tends to spring upwardand thus presses the valve Z against its seat on. The etfect'of thepressure of-the membrane may be regulated in accordance with what isstated below in connection with those ar-' rangements shown in Fig. 3. p

In order to set the apparatus going, the

valve p is opened and the cock 9 kept closed;

igniting fluid is poured into the cup .0 whereby the reservoir h becomesfilled. Thereupon the valve 79 is closed and the cock 9 opened, thefluid in the cup being then lighted. In orderto lessen the flame or putit out, both valves 39 and g are opened. In other respects the workingand manipulation is the same as previously described" with regard toFig. 1. I

Fig. 3 shows another modification of the reservoir 7& and the valve Z mFrom the top wall of the tank a there extends a sleeve t placed at aslight distance from the pipe 6 and surrounding the same-in such mannerthat a circular intermediate space is formed, corresponding to the ductis in Fig. 1, which space serves as a passage connection between thetank a and the reservoir mentioned circular space or passage 70 The cup0 has in this case been placed in such a position that its upper edge islower than the upper mouth of the circular duct 70 but higher than theduct or opening 8, by means of which the lighting cup 0 and thereservoir h communicate with each other. This opening 8 is closable bythe valve p, by which the pressure in the apparatus, and thus the jet,may be regulated. By arrang ing the ducts 70 and s and upper edge of thecup 0 in manner stated in their relation 7 to each other, only alimited, previously de-' termined quantity of the pressure fluid isallowed access to the reservoir 7?, an arrangement which is of especialimportance when the apparatus is to be handled by per sons to whosediscretion the feed or introduction of the pressure fluid cannot beentrusted.

The closing arrangement between the burner and the tank in the form ofthe in vention represented in Fig. 3 consists of a valve seat m placedin the pipe 6 against which seat the valve Z is pressed by a spiralspring 10, supported by the projection 42 fastened to the said pipe. Therod of this valve is connected with a. link 00 which in its turn is inconnection with the membrane 1'. This connection .is such that a certainfree play or space exists between the various parts, so that whenpressure arises in the tank (F, the membrane 1 can move a little withoutacting on valve Z When the pressure has risen sufliciently the membranebellies out and, by means of the link a, it forces down the valve Zagainst the tension of the spring u. If the pressure be again lessened,the valve Z is again forced up against its seat m both in consequence ofthe pressure ofthe spring u and the distension of the membrane 1", sincethe aforesaid membrane, either by being given some special form, or bymeans of a special spring r is always striving to belly inward towardthe valve seat m By regulating the tension of the spring last mentioned,or that of the membrane 7', the pressure at which the valve shall openmay be regulated or determined. The membrane r may also be placed insome other manner e. g. on the upper side of the tank a as representedin Fig. 4. In this the aforesaid membrane supports not only the burnerand appendant pipe 6 and lighting cup 0' but also the reservoir h Thevalve seat m is fixed in the lower mouth of the pipe 6 while valve Z isfastened to the bottom f of the tank a The lighting cup 0 is moreoverseparated from the reservoir 72., but in communication therewith by theopening .9 and tube 1, which may be closed by the valve 29 The tube yreaches almost to the bottom of the reservoir 725*. From this reservoirthere is a' duct 76 leading to the tank a The upper mouth of this ductlies higher than the lower opening of the tube y. Thus a liquid checkensues which hinders pressure producing fluids from running into tank athrough the duct 73 when the cap (Z is closed.

In Fig. 5 the reservoir 7L intended for receiving the pressure producingsubstance is placed around the pipe a and in this instance it issurrounded by a dome-shaped portion of the tank a which supports theburner and the pipe 0 and the lighting cup 0*. The reservoir h isprovided with an inlet 8 which may beclosed by the screw 77 Thereservoir h by this inlet is in closable communication with the lightingcup 0 the edge of which is lower than the upper mouth of the duct 71: bymeans of which the reservoir h and the tanka are in communication theone with the other.

In accordance with the form of the contrivance shown in Fig. 6 thepressure reservoir it is placed immediately aboxe the tank, surroundingthe pipe 6 Above the reservoir 71/ is the lighting cup 0 into which aprojecting portion of the aforesaid reservoir extends, said portionbeing provided with an opening 3 which may be closed by a screw 7).Communication is established between the reservoir 72. and the tank athrough the opening which simultaneously serves as a seat m for thevalve Z This valve arrangement Z m corresponds with, and is a substitutefor, the valve ar rangements shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The valve Z doesnot open until so great a pressure has been generated in the reservoir7& that it has force to overcome the pressure of the spring acting onthe aforesaid valve. The regulation and extinguishing of the flame isaccomplished by the regulating valve 0. This form of the contrivance (asalso that represented in Fig. 1) allows of the introduction ofpressure-developing fluids into the reservoir 7L5 while the apparatus isalight, in order that the flame may be increased. which is done byopening the valve 79 The pressure in the tank a is hereby retained owingto the fact that the valve Z closing the opening k is closed by theaction of the spring so soon as there is no pressure in the reservoirlbs. The action of this form of the contrivance as 2118) of those shownin Figs. 2-5 will be comprehended without further explanation from thedescription given concerning the form represented in Fig. 1.

Having now fully described and ascertained my invention and the mannerin which it is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. In adevice of the class described, the combination with a tank of a burnerin communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with said tankand adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat toproduce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally treefrom communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connectedto the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heatedthereby, and means for introducing the substance into said receptacle.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of aburner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with saidtank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat toproduce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally freefrom communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connectedto the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heatedthereby, and means for introducing the substance into said receptacle,said means comprising an initial lighting device.

3. In a device 01": the class described, the combination with a tank ofa burner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating withsaid tank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized byheat to produce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normallyfree from communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle beingconnected to the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will beheated thereby, an initial lighting device operatively associated withsaid burner, and means for placing said initial lighting device incommunication with said receptacle, the capacity of the initial lightingdevice being so proportioned that the combustible fluid will beevaporated within the burner while the initial lighting flame is stillburning.

at. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of awickless burner, a pipe communicating with said burner and extendinginto said tank, a receptacle supported by said pipe and communicatingwith said tank, said receptacle being adapted to contain a substancewhich is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, saidreceptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere,an initial lighting device operatively associated with said burner, andmeans for placing said initial lighting device in communication withsaid receptacle.

5. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of awickless burner, a pipe communicating with said burner and extendinginto said tank, a receptacle supported by said pipe and communicatingwith said tank, said receptacle being adapted to contain a substancewhich is volatilized by heat to produce pressure within the tank, saidreceptacle being normally free from communication with the atmosphere, asecond receptacle adapted to receive an igniting fluid, said secondmentioned receptacle being positioned between said burner and said firstmentioned receptacle, and means for placing said receptacles incommunication with'one another.

6. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of aburner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with saidtank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat toproduce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally freefrom communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connectedto the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heatedthereby, an initial lighting device, means for placing said device incommuni cation with said receptacle, and a pressure controlled valve forcontrolling the flow of the fluid from the tank to the burner.

7 In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of aburner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with saidtank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat toproduce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally freefrom communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connectedto the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heatedthereby, an initial lighting device,

means for placing said device in communia cation with said receptacle, avalve for controlling the flow of the fluid from the tank to the burner,adn a membrane operatively connected to said valve and acted upon by thepressure in said tank.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tank of aburner in communication therewith, a receptacle communicating with saidtank and adapted to contain a substance which is volatilized by heat toproduce pressure within the tank, said receptacle being normally freefrom communication with the atmosphere, said receptacle being connectedto the burner by heat conducting material, whereby it will be heatedthereby, an initial lighting device, means for placing said device incommunication with said receptacle, a valve for controlling the flow ofthe fluid from the tank to the burner, and a membrane operativelyconnected to said valve and acted upon by the pressure in said tank,said membrane having a loose connection with the valve so that it maymove a certain distance before actuating the valve.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

HANS ADOLF VON POST. Witnesses AUG. HAYDIN, A. PETTERSSON.

Copies of this patent niay be obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). G.

